Gang-plow.



W. S. GRAHAM..

GANG PLOW. APPLIcATxoN man FEB.10,|915.

1,163,143 lzited Deo. 7, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

M10 NEYS /anQGMM/.

W. S. GRAHAM.

GANG PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED fm1-o, 1915.

ASS. Patented Dec. 7, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

z' faam unnsvs -WITNESSES:

ws. GRAHAM. GANG PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I0. 1915,

Patented Dec. 7, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Amarins W. 8.x-GRAHAM.

GANG PLOW.

APPLICATION HLED 1123.10.1915.

Patented Dec. 7, 1915.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Anonnsvs UNITED STATES PATENT FFIUE.

WILLIAM S. GRAHAM, 0F CANTON, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO IPARLIN & ORENDORFF, 0F CANTON, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

GANG-PLOW.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 10, 1915. Serial N o. 7,285.

T 0 all whom t may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. GRAHAM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Canton,l in the county of Fulton, State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gang-Plows, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to gang plows, and especially to that frameless type of gang plow adapted to be drawn by a traction engine, and comprising two or more plowbeams rigidly tied together for forming the plow frame., the plow-bodies being adapted to be moved into and out of voperative plowing position by swinging the supporting wheels up or down relative tol the ploW- beams.

It is one of the objects of my invention to utilize, in a plow of this type, the traction 'power of one of the supporting wheels for moving said wheels downward for throwing the plow-body out of engagement with the ground, suitable connections being provided between the supporting wheel from which power is taken and the mechanism for raising the plow-bodies whereby the bodies are raised gradually, as desired, from operative position.

It is another objectv of my invention to so arrange the mechanism of a plow of the type justvrefer'red to that the raising of the rigidly-tied plow-beams may be timed in suchv a manner that the successive bodies Iof the series may be caused to run out of the ground successively so as to leave an approximately even-ended furrow.

It is another object of my invention to vprovide a plow having such an arrangement of parts that the plow-bodies shall be caused to move downward into operative-position by their own weight and by the suction of the plow-bodies in the ground, suitable yielding means being employed for assisting in lifting the plows out of operative engagement with the ground, such yielding means being adjusted to such eiective strength asl not vto interferewith the proper lowering of the plow through the medium of its weight and its suctionin the ground.l j

It is another object of my invention vto provide a construction embodying the Jfeatures above set forth so arranged that the ground wheel from which power is taken hall be .able to raise the plows out of opera- 1 ve position without the necessity for providing such ground wheel with cleats or other projecting parts for gripping the ground, this object being accomplished in the construction shown by the employment of speed-reducing gearing between the ground wheel and thelplow-raising mechamsm.

It is another object of my invention to provide such a form Iand arrangement of parts, in a plow of the type described in which the plow-bodies descend by their own weight into operative position, that the downward movement of the plows shall be limited so as to cause the successive bodies of the series to engage the ground successively approximately on a line at right angles to the advance of the plow.

It is another object of my invention to improvegang plows in sundry details hereinafter pointed out.

The preferred means by which I have accomplished my several objects are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and are hereinafter specifically described.

That which I believe to be new and desire to cover by this application is set forth in the claims.

In the drawings,-Figure 1 is a top or plan yView of i a plow embodying my ime proved construction; Fig. 2 is a side view of my improved plow, with the land wheel omitted therefrom for the salie of clearness of illustration; Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail of certain of the plow-raising'elements, be-

' ing substantially a section taken on line 3 3 of ,Fig 1; Fig. 4 is a side view similar to Fig. 2, but showing the plow-bodies in raised position; Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail, being a perspective View of the sleeve and segmental rack construction employed in connection with the plow-raising mechanism; Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail, being a crosssection through the clutch, as viewed from theA side thereof upon'fwhich the' beams are .posed brace 13.

rear ends of the beams 10-11, respectively,

in suitable cooperative position.

16 indicates a rear furrow-wheel mounted by means of an axle-member 17, a sleeve 18,

portation of the plow.

a swinging link 19, and a bracket 20 upon the plow-beam 11 behind the plow-body 15. A lever 21 is pivotally mounted upon the bracket 20, the lowerturned end of which is pivotally connectedwith an arm 224 fixed upon the sleleve .18. As will be appreciated by reference to Figs. 2 and 4, by a rearward movement of the lever 21 out of the position shown in said figures, the wheel 16- would be `depressed relative to the plowbeam 11, serving to lift the plow-beams relative to said wheel for purposes of trans- Inasmuch as the lifting mechanism just described forms no part in and of itself of my present invention, itis not believed to be necesary to v*describe it further herein.

At their forward ends the plow-beams .l0-11 have fixedly connected to them in any suitable manner extension-plates 23-24, respectively, tothe forward ends of which are secured vertical hitch-straps 25 from which draft-bars 26 of any suitable typeextend forward for connection to a tractor.

Revolubly mounted in suitable bearings in the rear -ends of the extension plates 23-24 is an axle-member 27, upon an offset .laterally-extending portion 28 of which 'is ysuitably journaled a supporting wheel 29. Revolubly mounted in suitable brackets 30-31 carried by the beams 10-11 in rear of the axle 27 is another axle 32 upon an offset laterally-extending portion 33 of which is journaled a supporting wheel 34. vAs will be readily understood from an ins ection of Figs. 2 and 4, when the shaft 27 is rocked in clockwise direction in Fig. 2 and the shaft 32 is rocked in counterclockwise direction in said Fig. 2, the plowbeams 10-11 areV raised relative to the supporting wheels 29 and 34, causing the plowbodies 14-15 to run out of operative engagement with theground. Fixed upon the shaft 27 andrising therefrom` is an varm 35 connected by means of a-coiled springv36 withl'an armv37 mounted uponfthe. plowl'beam 11 rearwardly of the arm 35, said spring serving to assist in the turning of the shaft 27 in clockwise direction in Fig. 2 for raising the plow-bottoms.

The means for turning the shafts 27 and 32 for effecting the raising of tne plows out of operative engagement with the ground or for permitting the plows to move downwith the gear 42 upon said clutch-memberand operating upon a gear 45 which is fixed in any suitable manner upon the hub of the land-wheel 34, or is otherwise suitably connected to said hub so as to rotate therewith. Inasmuch as the clutch-member 38, which is connected by the chain 44 with the gear`45 mounted upon the spindle portion 33 of the axle l32, is not mounted upon the axis yof rotation of the shaft 32 as itis rocked for raising and lowering the plow-bodies, I have` provided yielding means for taking up the slack of the chain 44. Such yielding means comprises an arm 46 pivotally mounted upon a corner-block 47 suitably secured upon the axle-member 32, said arm being provided at its freeend with a lat-A erally-extending roller 48 revolubly mounted thereon in position to engage the lower kface of the chain 44. A spring 49 is connected to the arm 46 and to an arm 50 projecting from another corner-block 51 fixed upon said axle-member 32, .said spring 49 serving to hold the arm 46 in a position to take up-the slack in the chain, .as will be readily understood.

l Revolubly mounted upon the pin 41 ad.-

jacent to the clutch-member 38 is a plate 52 provided at its ends with rounded' openings 53-54, as best shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

Pivotally mounted upon the plate 52 is ay double-ended dog 55 having revolubly mounted thereon a roller 56 adapted to engage any one of the grooves or notches 43 of the clutch-member 38, a spring 57 being suitably connected to said dog and to the plate 52 for holding the dog yieldinglyin turned position to maintain engagement of the roller 56 ,with the clutch-'member 38. As will be readily understood, the arrangement is suchthat when the clutch-member 38 is driven in clockwise direction in Figs. 6

.and 7 withthe roller 56 in engagement with one ofthe roundednotches 43 of the clutchmember, the plate 52 will be rotated in the same direction therewith. clutches of this type, means is provided for As isV usual in holding ,the roller 56 out of engagement with the clutch-member 38 as desired, suchv means comprising a roller 58 adapted to en-v gage either one of the rounded openings 53 and` 54 of the plate 52, the roller when in such engaging position serving to hold the dog'v55 turned against the action of the spring 57 into the position shown inFig. 6. This roller 58 is revolubly ymounted upon one end of the lever 59 fixed upon a sleeve 60 revolubly mounted upon a pin 6l fixed upon and extending laterally from the upper end of the bracket 31. Fixed upon said sleeve 60 and extending upwardly therefrom is a lever 62 (see Fig. 2) having connected to its upper end a cord yor cable 63 extending under a suitable pulley 64 revolubly mounted upon the extension-plate 24, said cord 63 being adapted to extend forward to the tractor into. convenient reach of the operator. An arm 65 (see Fig. 3) is also mounted upon the sleeve 60 and extends diagonally downward therefrom, having connected to its lower end one end of a coiled spring 66, the other end of which is adjustablyconnected in any suitable manner to a stationary part lof the framework, being secured' in the construction shown to the bracket 31. The spring 66 serves to hold the lever 62 and the lever 59 turned to the limit of their movement in clockwise direction in Figs. 2 and 4, and to hold the lever 59 turned tothe limit of its movement in counterclockwise direction or toward the clutch-member 38 in Figs. 6 and 7.

As will be readily understood, with the roller. 58 in vengagement with one of the openings or sockets 53-54 of the plate 52, holding the `roller 56 out of operative engagement with the clutch-member 38, a. for- .ward pull upon the cord 63 by the operator will serve to swing the levers 62 and 59 in counterclockwise direction in Figs. 2 and 4 against the action of the spring 66, withdrawing the roller 58 from its engagement with the socket 53 or 54 and permitting the spring 57 to move the roller 56 into operative engagement with the clutch-member 38.

As will be readily understood those familiar with this type of clutch, when the q"plate 52 hasmadey substantially ahalf rotation with thelclutch=member`38, the roller 58, which will have' ,been returned by the spring `66 to 'itsnormal position relative to the AAppirr1k41 ,'w"illbe, engaged by one of the camp'ortions'67 offthe'plate 52, causing the relief/58 to move outward .uponthe cam face. "Upon they continuedrotation of the plate 52, the' roller`58 is brought into contact with one end of l`thedo@,1g;55, whereupon a slight additional rotative movement of the plate 52 serves to throw th'e'roller 56` out of operative engagementwith the clutch-member38, thus stopping the vrotation of the plate 52. As is readily understood, the

plate 52 may be given as many half rotav tions as may be desired by successive actuations of the lever 62 at proper intervals bymeans of the cord 63, or in any other suitable manner.

I will now describe the connections between the plate 52 and the shafts 27 and 32 whereby such shafts may be rocked through the medium of the said' plate for raising the plow-bodies. 68 indicates a sleeve (see Figs. 1 and 5) revolubly mounted upon the shaft 27, having secured thereto at one end a segmental rack 69 and at the other vend anarm 70, 71 indicates a lever fixed upon the squared end of the shaft 27 adjacent to the segmental Arack 69, said lever being adapted to be locked by a spring-latch 72 of any suitable type in any desired position provided with a head 77 on its forward end' for preventing its withdrawal from the sleeve 74, and having its rear end pivotally connected with the plate 52.

In operation, when the plate 52 is given a half rotation inv counterclockwise direc-v tion from the position shown in Fig. 2, the segmental rack 69 will be swung backward through the medium of the link 76, carrying vwith it the arm 70. Inasmuch as the shaft 27 islocked relative to the segmental rack 69 by the lever 71, the backward swin ing of the rack 69 will cause the shaft 2 to rock in clockwisevdirection in said Fig. 2, causing the furrow-wheel 29 to be moved forward relative to the plow-beams and `raising the plow-beams into the position shown in Fig. 4, the spring 36 serving to assist .insuch operation. At the same time, through the medium of the link 73 connected to the arm 70, the axle/member 32 will be rotated in counterclockwise.direction in saidy Fig. 2, causing the land-wheel 34 to more downward and backward, bringing its spindle portion 33 to substantially the same height as that then assumed by the spindle portion 28 of the axle-member 27. Inasmuch as the sprocket-gear 45 is of considerably smaller diameter than that of theof the plows and the machine asa whole,

and being actuated further by the suction of the plows inthe ground.

1'5 l Mechanism is provided for regulating the depth at which the bodies shall work in the ground, by the operation of which the plow bottoms may be raised manually out of their `engagement with the ground, if desired.

This mechanism ycomprises a lever-78 revolubly mounted upon the axle-member 27 adjacent to the arm 70, the lever 78 being pivotally mounted, in the construction shown, by means of a socket-member 79. The

v socket-member 7 9 `and the arm 70 are provided with coperating stops 80-81, respectively, adapted to engage each other as shown in Fig. 3. The lever 78 is provided with a spring-latch 82 of any suitable type 30 adapted to lengage a 'segmental rack 83 mounted upon the extension-plate 24. The

Alever 78 is adapted to be. heldin any delsired position relative to the segmental rack 83 serving toIk limit thel counterclockwise movement of the arm 70 in Fig. 3, and thus serving to limit the upward movement of the ground wheels for regulating the depth at which the plow-bodies are permitted to work in the ground. As is shown in Fig. 2,

the link 76 is of sufficient length to permit the lever 78 to be set at its eXtreme forward position. When the lever 78 is moved to a position inrear of its foremost position for limiting the depth of plowing, the rstportion of the movement of the plate 52 for raising the plow-bodies has no effect upon the mechanism other` than to slide the link 76 through the sleeve 74. When in the con,-I

tinued rotation of the plate 52 the head 77 of the link comes into contact with the sleeve 74, the effective lifting operation begins.

By a selection of the sprocket-gear 45 of the required size relative to the size of the sprocket-gear 42; I am enabled to regulate 55 the rate of raising and lowering the plows relative to -the forward movement of the plow as a whole. Inasmuch as thel plows move out of the groundsuccessively on being raised and move into the ground in the same succession on being lowered, I am enabled toA cause the plows to leave the Vground at substantially a line at right angles to the direction of plowing, and likewise to enter the ground at substantially a line at right angles to the direction of plowing.

That which I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s,-

1. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a plow-body fixed thereon, a groundy wheel mounted on said plow-beam and movmeans by said ground-wheel after the connection of said driving means with the ground-wheel, said driving means being adapted by a single complete actuation thereof by saidground-wheel to act upon said wheel-moving meansfor raising said plow-beam and adapted upon its neXt-successive single actuation by said groundwheel to move independently of said wheelmoving means. v

2. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a. plow-body fixed thereon, a ground .wheel mounted on said plow-beam and movable up and down relative thereto, means for movin said ground wheel vertically relative lto said plow-beam, yielding -means tending to move said ground wheel downward relative to said plow-beam, driving means adapted` to be connected with said ground wheel and to be operated thereby, means for operatively disconnecting said driving means from said ground wheel upon a certain predetermined actuation -of the driving means by said ground wheel after the connection of said driving means with the ground wheel, and means' for connecting said wheel-moving means with said driving means, said connecting means being adapted. to act positively upon the 'beam-raising movement of the driving means but adapted to yield upon the movement of theI driving mleans for permittingthe lowering of the p ow.

3. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a plow-body fixed thereon, a ground wheel mounted on said plow-beam and movable up and down relative thereto, means for moving said ground wheel vertically relative to said plow-beam, driving means, means for connecting said driving means with said ground wheel for operating the driving means, saidI connecting means comprising speed-reducing gearing and clutching means for operatively disconnecting said driving means from said ground wheel upon a certain predetermined actuation thereof by said ground wheel after its connection with the driving means, and means for connecting said wheel-moving means with said driving means, said connecting means being adapted to act positively upon the beam raising movement of the driving means but adapted prising a gear driven by the rotation of said ground wheel, a comparatively larger gear adapted to be driven continuously by said first-named gear, and clutching means interposed between said last-named gear and said driving means for operatively disconnecting said driving means from said ground wheel upon a partial revolution of said second-named gear after its connection with the driving means, and means for connecting said wheel-moving means with said driving means, said connecting means being adapted to act positively upon the beamraising movement of the driving means but adapted to yield upon the movement of the driving means by whichthe lowering of the `plow is permitted.

5. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a .plow-body fixed thereon, a ground wheel mounted on said plow-beam and movable up and down relative thereto, means for moving said ground wheel vertically relative to said plow-beam, driving means adapted to be connected with said ground wheel and to be operated thereby, means for op eratively disconnecting said driving means form said ground wheel upon a certain predetermined actuation of the driving means by said ground wheel after the `connection of said- `'driving means with the ground wheel, means for connecting said wheel-moving means with said driving means, said connecting means being adapted to act positively upon the beam-raising movement of the driving means but adapted to yield upon the movement of the driving means by which the lowering of the plow is permitted, and adjustable means for limiting the downward movement of the plow-beam for regulating the depth of plowing.

6. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, la plow-body fixed thereon, a groundl wheel mounted on said plow-beam and movable up and down relative thereto, means for moving said ground-wheel verticallyrelative to said plow-beam, driving means adapted to be connected with said groundwheel and to be operated thereby, means for operatively disconnecting said driving means from said ground-wheel upon a certain predetermined-actuation, of the driving means b v said ground-wheel after the connection of said driving means with the groundwheel, and means for connectingsaid wheelmovi'ng means with said drivlng means, said connecting meansbeing adaptedto act posi-l tively upon the beam-raising movement of the driving means but adapted to yield upon the movementof the driving means for permitting the lowering of the plow.

7. -In a plow, the combinationof a plowbeam, a plow-body fixed thereon, a groundwheel mounted on said plow-beam and movable up and down relative thereto,1 means for moving said ground-wheel vertically relative to said plow-beam, a rotatableplate adapted to be connected with said groundwheel and to be rotated thereby, and means for connecting said wheel-moving means with said rotatable plate, said Vconnecting means being adapted to act positively upon the 'portion of the revolution of the rotatable plate for raising the plow-beam but adapted to yield upon the remaining portion of a complete revolution of the plate.

8. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a plow-body Xed thereon, a ground-- wheel mountedon said plow-beam and mov-- able up and down relative thereto, means for moving said groundwheel vertically Yrelative to said plow-beam, and an actuating member adapted t'o be driven by power from said ground-wheel and adapted byl a movement lin one direction to act upon said wheel-moving means for raising the lowbeam but adapted to move in the opposite direction independently of said wheel-moving means.

9. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a plow-body fixed thereon, a groundwheel mounted on saidplow-beam andl movable up and down relative thereto,

means for moving said ground-wheel vertically relative to said plow-beam, av rotatable plate adapted to be connected with said ground-wheel and to be rotated thereby, and

a link pivotally connected withv said plate` and having a sliding connection with said wheel-moving means adapted to act positively upon-said wheel-moving means upon the portion of the revolution of the plate for raising the plow-beam but adapted to yield relative to the wheel-moving means upon the remaining portion of a complete. revolution of the plate. I

l0. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a plow-body fixed thereon, a ground- Wheel mounted on said plow-beam and movable up and down relative thereto, means for moving said ground-wheel vertically relative to said plow-beam, `a rotatable plate adapted to be connected with said groundwheel and to be rotated thereby, and a link pivotally connected with said plate and hav- .ing a sliding connection with said wheelraising the plow-beam but adapted to yield relative to the wheel-moving means upon the remaining portion of a complete revolution of the plate, the connection between said rotatable plate and said ground-wheel comprising a clutch adapted automatically to eifect a disconnection at each half revolution of the plate.

11. In a plow,y the combination of a plow- 1g beam, arplow-body fixed thereon, a groundwheel mounted on said plow-beam and movable up and down lrelative thereto, means for moving saidv ground-wheell vertically relative to said plow-beam comprising an arm adapted to be swung about a horizontal axis, and a link in rear of said arm adapted to be reciprocated longitudinally of the plow by power from said ground-wheel, said link having a sliding connection with said arm whereby it is free to move forward relative to said arm but is limited in its rearward movement relative to the arm. '12. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a plow-body fixed thereon, a groundwheel' mounted on said plow-beam and movable up and down relative thereto, means for moving said ground-wheel vertically relative to said plow-beam comprising anl arm adapted to be swung about a horizontal axis, a link in rear of said arm adapted to be reciprocated longitudinally of the plow by power from said ground-wheel, said link having a sliding connection with' said arm whereby it is' free to move forward relative to said-arm but is limited in its rearward movement relative to the arm, and adjustable means for limiting the forward swinging of the arm for regulating the depth of plowing.

40 13. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, av plow-body fixed thereon, an axlemember revolubly mounted transverselyl relative to said plow-beam, a ground-wheel revolubly mounted on an oifsetportion of said axle-member is rotated or raisin said plow-beam, and a link in rear' of sai arm adapted to be reciprocated longitudinally of ,50 the plow by power from said ground-wheel, said link having a sliding connection with said arm whereby it is free to move forward relative to said arm but is limited in its rearward movement relative to the arm.

14. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a plow-body fixed thereon, a groundwheel mounted on said plow-beam and movable up and down relative thereto, means for moving said ground-wheel vertically relative to said plow-beam comprising an arm adapted to be swung about a 'horizontal axis, a link in rear of said arm adapted to be reciprocated longitudinally of the plow by power from said ground-wheel, said link 55 having a sliding connection with said arm said axle-member, an arm carried by said axle-member, by the swingin of which arm whereby it is free to move forward relative to said arm but is limited in its rearward movement relative to the arm, adjustable means for limiting. the forward swinging of the arm for vregulating the depth of plow- 7c ing, and an adjustable stop-device carried bysaid plow-beam .adapted to limit the swinging of said axle-member for regulating the depth of plowing.

15. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a plow-body fixed thereon, an axlemember revolubly mounted transversely relative to said plow-beam, a ground-wheel revolubly mounted on anvoffset portion of the axle-member, an arm ,carried byv said se axle-member and adjustable relative thereto, by the swinging of which arm said axlemember is rotated for raising said plowbeam, and a link in rear of said arm adaptedto be reciprocated longitudinally of the low by power from said ground-wheel, said iink havinga sliding connection with said armwhereby it is free t move forward relative to said arm but is limited in its rearward movement relative to the arm.

16. In'a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a. plow-body fixed thereon, two axlemembers revolubly mounted transversely relativey to said plow-beam, ground-wheels revolubly mounted on offset portions of said axle-members respectively, *connections between said axle-members for causing them to swing together, said connections comprising means for adjusting one axle-member relative to the other, an arm carried by one of said axle-members and adjustable relative thereto, bythe swinging of which arm said axle-members are rotated for raising said plow-beam, a link adapted to be reciprocated longitudinally of the'plow by power from one'of the ground-wheels, and connections between said link and said arm whereby upon the movement of said link to the rear said arm is actuated for raising said plow-beam and whereby upon a forward movement of the link said link is free to yield relative to the arm.

17. In a plow, the combination of a plowbeam, a plow-body fixed thereon, two axlemembers revolubly mounted transversely relative to said plow-beam, ground-wheels revolubly mounted on offset portions of said axle-members respectively at opposite sides of the plow, an arm revolubly mounted on one of said axle-members, a segmental rack mounted adjacent to said arm and adapted to swing therewith about said axle-member, a lever fixed on said last-mentioned axlemember adjacent to said segmental vrack and adapted to operatively engage said rack in any desired adjusted position thereon, a link pivotallv connecting said arm with the other of said axle-members for causing said axle-members to swing together, a second link adapted to be reciprocated longitudi- 130 nally of the plow by power from one of the said ground-wheels, connections between said second link and said arm and'segmental rack whereby upon the movement of said link in one direction said arm is actuated for raising said plow-beam and whereby upon a movement of the link in the opposite direction said link is free to yield relative to the arm, a segmental rack carried by the plow-beam adjacent to said swinging arm, a lever adapted to swing adjacent to said segmental rack but adapted to be locked in a djusted position relative thereto, and stops carried by said lever and said arm adapted to limit the swinging of said arm in the 15 direction in which the arm moves for lowering the plow-beam.

WILLIAM s'. GRAHAM.

Witnesses:

CHARLES W. GRAY, BYRON M. WooDDELL. 

